Objective To investigate the relationship between platelet count and inflammation-malnutrition state in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods 68 Stable maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in Bejing Tongren Hospital were chosen for study. The patients were divided into 6 groups according to the platelet count. The general conditions, complete blood count and serum biochemical indexes were compared between groups using SPSS17.0 software. Results The time duration on dialysis, blood urine nitrogen, serum albumin, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), white blood cell(WBC), blood hemoglobin were different significantly among the six groups. Multiple regression indicated that platelet count positively correlated with hsCRP （β=0.208，p﹤0.05）, LDL-C（β=1.143，p﹤0.05）and WBC（β=0.631，p﹤0.05）, while negatively correlated with serum albumin（β=-0.320，p﹤0.05）and hemoglobin （β=-0.271，p﹤0.05）. Conclusion In MHD patients, inflammation-malnutrition may increase platelet counts, which may be one of the mechanisms that increase the risk of cardiovascular events.