Abstract: Objectives The training for peritoneal dialysis(PD) patients and their families is an essential factor to ensure home PD progress smoothly. In our retrospective study, we investigated the examination scores of PD training in different dialysis duration in early stage of PD to find main problems in different PD duration, thus provide targeted training, so as to avoid and reduce the occurrence of PD-related complications. Methods The general data of PD patients from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014 were collected. The training exam scores at first time of training (0 month) and retraining (6months and 12months after PD) were assessed by using self-design table for PD operators. Then main problems in different PD duration were compared. Result ①A total of 72 operators were enrolled in this study. The average score at 0 month was 74.32± 13.52. All operators passed the examination. ②The total score was 62.33±10.15 after 6 months, 62.49±9.2 after 12 months, significantly lower than the score at 0 month, (6 months vs 0 month：t=6.445，P=0.000；12 months vs 0 month：t=6.499，P=0.000). The individual part scores of the examination after 6 and 12 months were significantly lower than those at 0 month, except the exit-site care scores after 12 months compared to 0 month, P＞0.05 (6 months vs. 0 month，environmental and hygiene：t=4.971，P=0.000，exchange procedure：t= 2.575，P=0.012，exit-site care：t=2.970，P=0.004，complication management：t=9.944，P=0.000，self-monitoring：t=5.795，P=0.000，diet knowledge：t=4.481，P=0.000. 12 months vs 0 month，environmental and hygiene：t=4.046，P=0.000，exchange procedure：t=2.665，P=0.010，complication management：t=8.992，P=0.000，selfmonitoring：t=3.357，P=0.001，diet knowledge：t=6.927，P=0.000). Compared the scores after 6months with those after 12 months, the scores of diet knowledge after 12 months were significantly lower than that after 6 months (t=13.648，P=0.000). There were no statistical difference among scores of other parts. ③ After 0month、6 months and 12 months, the percentage of actual scores of total scores in exchange procedures and treatment of PD complications were the lowest. ④Between assisted PD and self-operating PD patients, no significant difference were seen in total scores and individual part scores. Conclusions Although all operators were qualified for passing the training examination after the initial training, exchange procedures and treatment of PD complications were still weak points for PD operators, thus related training should be strengthened. After 6 months and 12 months, all PD-related knowledge and skills assessment scores were significantly decreased, that suggested comprehensive retraining need to be strengthened, especially for exchange procedures and treatment of PD complications. The time point of first retraining should be earlier than 6 months, but the exact time needs further research.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Training, Retraining, Dialysisi duration