Abstract: 【Abstract】Background With the continuous development and optimization of dialysis membrane materials, polysulfone (PS) as the third generation of dialysis membrane has replaced cellulose triacetate (CTA) and dominated the market because of its better biocompatibility. However, we found that the hypersensitivity to PS could be remitted by the application of CTA in clinical practice. Objective To compare the differences in toxin removal, hematological change and biocompatibility in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients using CTA dialyzer and PS dialyzer. Methods A total of 60 MHD patients treated in the Second Blood Purification Center, Shengjing Hospital, Chinese Medical University from June 2017 to September 2017 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into group CTA and group PS (n=30/each group). They were treated with regular hemodialysis of 4 hours/time and 3 times/week for 2 months. The clearances of creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum phosphorus (P), the changes of hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT)and white blood cell (WBC), and the differences of C-reactive protein (CRP), IgE, complement 3 (C3), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were compared between group CTA and group PS. Results Age (t=-0.735, P=0.465), gender (c2=2.410, P=0.120), dialysis age (t=0.336, P=0.738) and primary diseases (c2=3.817, P=0.701) had no statistical differences between the two groups. Before the hemodialysis with CTA dialyzer and PS dialyzer, there were no statistical differences in all of the parameters between the two groups (P＞0.05). After application of CTA dialyzer and PS dialyzer for 2 months, ①there were no statistical differences in CR, BUN and P, nor in the changes of the above indicators between the two groups (P＞0.05); ② there was a statistical difference in Hb change between the two groups (t=-2.282, P=0.027), with better improvement of anemia in group CTA; ③ there was a statistical difference in PLT (t=2.947, P=0.005) between the two groups, with slighter change in group CTA than in group PS (t=2.219, P=0.031); and ④there were no statistical significances in WBC, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IgE, CRP and C3 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion ①There were no significant difference in the clearances of small molecule toxins such as CR, BUN and P between CTA dialyzer and PS dialyzer. ② CTA was better than PS in the improvement of anemia. ③ The effect on PLT was less in group CTA than in group PS. ④ There were no differences in inflammation and allergy factors, complement system, and biocompatibility in MHD patients using CTA dialyzer and PS dialyzer.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Cellulose triacetate, Polysulfone, Biocompatibility, Hemoglobin, Platelet