【Abstract】Objective To compare the effects of different doses of intravenous iron supplement on inflammatory response and oxidative stress in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with persistent iron loss. Method A total of 55 MHD patients with serum ferritin 200-500 ng/ml from the Hemodialysis Center of Beijing BOAI Hospital were randomly divided into group A (sucrose iron 100mg/week×10 times, 400mg/month) and group B. (100mg/2 weeks × 10 times, 200mg/month). The total amount of sucrose iron was 1,000mg in both groups. The changes of inflammatory response and oxidative stress indicators including hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis

factor alpha (TNF-α) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were compared before treatment and after the treatment for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks between the two groups. Result There were no significant differences in hsCRP (F=2.161, P=0.067), SOD (F=1.858, P=0.113), IL-6 (F=1.667, P=0.157), TNF-α (F=1.433, P=0.229) and GSH-px (F=2.161, P=0.067) before treatment and at different time points after treatment. There were no significant differences in hsCRP (F=2.179, P=0.065), SOD (F=0.477, P=0.821), IL- 6 (F=0.853, P=0.538), TNF-α (F=0.761, P=0.605) and GSH-px (F=0.720, P=0.636) between the two groups. The coefficient of hemoglobin variation during the treatment period (t=-0.983, P=0.330), and the changes of recombinant human erythropoietin doses (Z=- 0.139, P=0.889), transferrin saturation (t=0.536, P=0.594) and serum ferritin (t=-0.161, P=0.873) before and after the treatment had no statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusion There were no differences in the effects on inflammatory response and oxidative stress in MHD patients treated with intravenous iron 200mg/month and 400mg/month. The two iron therapeutic methods had equal effects for anemia treatment in MHD patients.