【Abstract】Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in Shanxi province. Methods We retrospectively studied clinical records of MHD patients in Shanxi province between January 2015 and December 2018. Results From 2015 to 2018, the age at which MHD begins was 40 to 69 years. The top three primary causes leading to MHD were glomerulonephritis (48.6%), diabetic nephropathy (27.9%) and hypertensive nephrosclerosis (10.2%). The first-used vascular access at the beginning of hemodialysis was arteriovenous fistula (49.8%) and primary non- cuffed catheter

(41.8%). Albumin, urea reduction ratio (UUR) and urea removal index (Kt/V) reached to the standards were found in more than 80% of the patients, but serum calcium, phosphorus and intact parathyroid hormone reached to the standards were low(<60%). Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were the leading causes of death. Conclusion Most MHD patients in Shanxi province were middle- aged. The first three primary causes of MHD patients were glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. The major vascular access at the beginning of hemodialysis was arteriovenous fistula. The control rate of complications was low in MHD patients.