Abstract: Objective  To investigate the status quo of drug compliance and the risk factors affecting drug compliance in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients in a single center.  Methods  The Chinese version of Morisky drug compliance eight-item scale was used to evaluate the drug compliance and its relevant factors in a total of 155 PD patients treated in the Peritoneal Dialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of logistic regression model.  Results  Good drug compliance was found in 112 PD patients (72.258%), and poor drug compliance was found in 43 PD patients (27.742%). Univariate analyses showed that dialysis age (χ2=9.121, P=0.010), smoking history (χ2=7.504, P=0.006), regional distribution (χ2=5.195, P=0.023) and joint-decision score (t=2.594, P=0.010) significantly affected the differences among groups. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that dialysis age (OR=1.011, 95% CI: 1.000~1.022,     P=0.047), regional distribution (OR=2.450, 95% CI: 1.020~5.886, P=0.045) and joint-decision score (OR=1.093, 95% CI: 1.001~1.192, P=0.047) were the main factors affecting drug compliance in PD patients.  ROC curve had a better ability to assess the differentiation performance of the prediction model (AUC=0.685).  Conclusion  The chance of the PD patients to access information based on their resident place and their participation in joint-decision making should be comprehensively evaluated, so as to promote their rational cognition and compliance of the drug therapy, and to provide evidences for professional PD nurses to carry out high-quality and goal-oriented nursing management of PD patients.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Medication adherence, Shared decision making questionnaire