Abstract: Objective  To evaluate the effects of physical activity and exercise training on patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods  A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CNKI, Wanfang Chinese Academic Journal Database, and Sinomed to collect studies on physical activity and exercise training in PD patients published from database inception to January 2024. Quality assessment was performed, and relevant evidence was extracted and summarized.  Results  A total of 25 interventional studies (n=1692) and 16 observational studies (n=1876) were included. The results indicated that physical activity and exercise training interventions could improve physical function, quality of life, nutritional status, and body composition in PD patients, with no serious adverse events reported. However, the effects of physical activity and exercise training on fatigue, bone mineral density, and blood pressure levels in PD patients remained inconsistent.  Conclusion  The findings of this study support the positive role of physical activity and exercise training in improving multiple health outcomes in PD patients. Future research should focus on developing evidence-based individualized exercise prescriptions and emphasize long-term adherence to intervention protocols to maximize clinical benefits.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Physical activity, Exercise training