Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the correlation between drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and patient prognosis in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in a single peritoneal dialysis center. Methods Ninety-one peritonitis episodes in 61 patients from January 2008 to January 2013 were analyzed. The incidence of peritonitis, pathogenic bacteria and drug-resistant strain distribution, and the relationship between drug-resistant bacteria and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Results There are 71 cases culture-positive and 20 cases culture-negative in bacterial culture. The culture positive rate and negative rate occupy 78.0% and 22.0% respectively. Among the culture positive peritonitis episodes, there are 32 cases with gram-positive bacteria infection, 31 cases with Gram-negative bacteria infection, 1 cases with mixed bacteria infection and 9 cases with fungal infection. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli are the most common pathogens in gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria separately. Gram-positive bacteria are resistance to Oxacillin and Cefazolin (80.8%) and susceptible to Vancomycin and Teicoplanin. Gram-negative bacteria are resistance to Ceftazidime and Aztreonam (23.1% to 26.9%) and susceptible to Amikacin. There is no statistically significant change in drug resistance rate among the dropout patients (66.7%（8/12）), relapsed patients (50.0（5/10）) and cured patients (58.1%（25/43）)（p>0.05）.Conclusion The characteristics of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis caused by different pathogens are varied from drug resistance, antibiotic selection and curative efficacy and prognosis. The initial treatment of peritonitis should be based on the principles of “individualized treatment” to choose appropriate antibiotics, which is according to the analysis of etiology, clinical feature and drug susceptibility of patient. Bacterial resistance to empirical antibiotics is not the main reason contributes to the disease recurrence and exit.

Key words: peritoneal dialysis, peritonitis, drug resistance