【Abstract】Objective This study was conducted to investigate the impact of high-flux dialysis on lifespan of the autologous arteriovenous fistula in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods A total of 491 patients with regular hemodialysis at the Blood Purification Center of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from 2012 to 2019 were enrolled in this study. The propensity score matching method matched high-flux dialysis group (n=54) and low-flux dialysis group (n=54). The 7-year secondary patency rate of arteriovenous fistula was compared between the two groups. Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis

showed no statistical difference in the 7-year secondary patency rate of autologous arteriovenous fistula between high- flux dialysis group and low- flux dialysis group [before matching: 87.9% vs. 84.3%, HR (95% CI) =0.834 (0.449~1.548), P=0.566; after matching: 91.2% vs. 82.1%, HR (95% CI) =0.836 (0.224~3.120), P=0.790]. Conclusion The high- flux dialysis mode had no significant impact on the lifespan of arteriovenous fistula in MHD patients.