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Chinese Journal of Blood Purification

    12 March 2009, Volume 8 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    专题
    Diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury caused by rhabdomyolysis
    2009, 8 (3):  120-123. 
    Abstract ( 436 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (268KB) ( 200 )  
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    Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury
    CHEN Menghua;ZHOU Xiaoling
    2009, 8 (3):  123-126. 
    Abstract ( 456 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (209KB) ( 166 )  
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    Acute kidney injury acquired in hospital
    CHEN Nan;ZHANG Wen
    2009, 8 (3):  127-129. 
    Abstract ( 451 )   HTML ( 0 )  
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    论著
    Comparison of vascular calcification in nondialysed stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients with and without diabetes
    WANG Mi;WANG Mei;LI Si-jun;ZHANG Meng
    2009, 8 (3):  130-133. 
    Abstract ( 567 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (256KB) ( 228 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status of vascular calcification in nondialysed stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and to explore the role of diabetes on vascular calcification in CKD patients. Methods Vascular calcification was quantitatively evaluated by plain radiographic films from abdomen, pelvis and hands. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The parameters relating to vascular calcification were then analyzed. Results In this study we analyzed 68 nondialysed stage 5 CKD patients including 36 non-diabetic and 32 diabetic patients. Among the 68 patients, vascular calcification was found on radiographic films in 29 cases (42.6%), of which 82.8% had calcification of abdominal aorta and 37.9% showed calcification of peripheral muscular arteries. Logistic regression revealed that age and diabetes were the independent risk factors for vascular calcification in nondialysed stage 5 CKD patients. The prevalence and degree of vascular calcification were higher in the patients with diabetes than those without diabetes (P<0.05), and so did the prevalence of calcification of abdominal aorta and peripheral muscular arteries (P<0.05). Conclusions The undialyzed stage 5 CKD patients with diabetes have higher prevalence rate and more severity of vascular calcification than those without diabetes. Diabetes therefore plays an important role in vascular calcification in CKD patients.
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    Clinical observation on plasma exchange in the treatment of autoimmune bullous diseases
    ANG Shuang;JIANG Shan;WANG Li-ning;FAN Qiu-ling;LI Xiao-li;YAO Li;ZUO Nan;LIU Xiao-dan;LI Yan-qiu;Li Zi-long;ZHANG Yu-xia;MA Jian-fei;FENG Jiang-min
    2009, 8 (3):  134-136. 
    Abstract ( 963 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (194KB) ( 333 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To observe the clinical effect of plasma exchange (PE) on autoimmune bullous diseases. Methods We recruited 34 patients with severe pemphigus or bullous pemphigoid and assigned them into PE group (15 cases) or regular treatment group (19 cases). Result (i) The initial, maximal and accumulated doses of corticosteroids were remarkably lower in PE group than in regular treatment group (P<0.05). (ii) After PE, autoantibody tilter declined considerably (P<0.05). (iii) The decreased of autoantibody titer was more in PE group than in regular treatment group (P<0.01). (iv) Complication rate was also lower in PE group than in regular treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion PE lowers autoantibody titer and reduces the dosage and side effects of glucocorticoids. PE is especially suitable for those intolerable to large dose of corticosteroids or other immunosuppressives.
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    The efficacy of hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion and hemodialysis combined with hemodiafiltration on pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients
    FAN Xiao-hong;XIONG Chong-xiang;WANG Xin-hua;HU Jing
    2009, 8 (3):  137-140. 
    Abstract ( 627 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (239KB) ( 231 )  
    【Abstacts】 Objective To investigate the efficacy of different blood purification method on pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods We randomly assigned 38 maintenance hemodialysis patients into hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion (HD+HP) group (18 cases) or hemodialysis combined with hemodiafiltration (HD+HDF) group (20 cases). Patients in the HD+HP group were treated with hemodialysis once and hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion once in a week for 12 weeks, and those in the HD+HDF group were treated with hemodialysis once and hemodialysis combined with hemodiafiltration once in a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the treatment, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum calcium, serum phosphate and iPTH were monitored, and the change of pruritus was evaluated. Results The remission rate of skin itch was higher in HD+HP group (89%) than in HD+HDF group (60%) (P<0.05). The decrease of serum phosphate and iPTH was more prominent in HD+HP group than in HD+HDF group (P<0.05), but the decrease of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were statistically indifferent between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions HD+HP is more effective than HD+HDF in the treatment of pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
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    Analysis of serum adiponectin in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
    CEN Jun;GU Yi-zheng;WEI Li-li;FU Chun-ming;WANG Xue-ying;WANG Chuan-xiang;YU Jie
    2009, 8 (3):  141-143. 
    Abstract ( 608 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (196KB) ( 201 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To observe serum adiponectin (ADPN) change in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and to investigate the correlation between serum ADPN and complications. Methods we measured serum ADPN, albumin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, lipoproteins, C-reactive protein, fasting glucose and fasting insulin in 79 MHD patents and 16 healthy individuals. Body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Kt/V and normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) were calculated from established formulas. We then correlated serum ADPN levels with diabetes, hypertension and cardiocerebral vascular diseases in MHD patients. Results Serum ADPN was significantly higher in MHD patients (13.73±8.64mg/L) than in healthy individuals (6.27±3.57mg/L, P<0.01). Serum ADPN correlated reversely with BMI, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein and triglycerides, and positively with total cholesterol and high density lipoproteins. Serum ADPN was partially affected by Kt/V, and was lower in MHD patients with diabetes and cardiocerebral vascular diseases. Conclusion Serum ADPN increases significantly in MHD patients. Serum ADPN is closely correlated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, and may be a protective factor for cardiocerebral vascular system in MHD patients.
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    The substitution of hemofiltration for conventional hemodialysis in the induction period of dialysis: a clinical study
    ZHANG Rui-bin;ZHU Bin;LI Jin;WANG Xiao-ping;LIU Zi-dong
    2009, 8 (3):  144-146. 
    Abstract ( 857 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (166KB) ( 202 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective In this article we investigated the feasibility and advantages of hemofiltration (HF) by comparing the application of hemofiltration and conventional hemodialysis (HD) in induction period. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 85 patients beginning to accept renal replacement therapy for chronic renal failure. In these patients, 38 cases were treated with hemofiltration (HF Group) and 47 cases received conventional hemodialysis (HD Group). BUN, Cr, total ultrafiltration (TUF), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and APACHE III score were observed on admission day, and on third and seventh day after treatment. Complications, medical expenses, and hospitalization days were also recorded. Results Patients age was older in HF group than in HD group (P<0.05). On admission, BUN, Cr, MAP and APACHE III score were statistically indifferent between the two groups. On the third and seventh days after the treatment, APACHE III score, MAP and TUF were statistically different between the two groups. Comparison of patients older than 60 years old in the two groups found that patient age, BUN, Cr, MAP and APACHE III score had no differences on admission, but APACHE III score, MAP and TUF were statistically different on the third and seventh days after the treatment. In addition, hospitalization days were less in HF group, but medical expenses were similar between the two groups. Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome was not found in both groups. Conclusion HF may replace HD in the induction period of renal replacement therapy.
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    Clearance of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies and immunoglobulin by double-filtration plasmapheresis in patients with anti-GBM disease
    CHENG Xu-yang;JIN Qi-zhuang;MAO Wei-bo;BAO Yun-fei;YU Chong-yan;ZUO Li
    2009, 8 (3):  147-151. 
    Abstract ( 658 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (310KB) ( 296 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective Compared with plasma exchange, double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) needs only small amount of plasma or albumin. But the efficiency and safety of DFPP in treating anti-GBM disease was unclear. Patients and methods There were 8 patients admitted to this hospital in 2008 with the diagnosis of anti-GBM disease confirmed by serological and renal pathological examinations. All patients were treated with immunosuppressive agents as well as DFPP therapy daily or once every other day. OP-08W plasma separators and EC-20W or EC-30W plasma fractionators (Asahi, Japan) were used. One to one and a half of calculated plasma volume was processed in each session. Serum anti-GBM antibodies were detected by an ELISA test kit (Euroimmun). Serum total IgG, plasma albumin and fibrinogen were measured. Results We totally performed 53 DFPP sessions, with 4-9 sessions for each patient. The average plasma volume being exchanged was 1.26±0.14 times of the calculated body plasma volume. The initial levels of anti-GBM antibodies were 159.94±67.02 RU/ml (82 to 262 RU/ml). The levels of anti-GBM antibodies after DFPP sessions decreased in a liner manner despite the difference of initial levels among patients, with the slope rate from -16.3 RU/ml/session to -29.9 RU/ml/session and the average slope -20.27±1.10 RU/ml/session. Serum albumin dropped significantly after each session using plasma as replacement fluid, but remained unchanged in sessions using 8% albumin solutions. Serum IgG dropped in an exponential way. Plasma fibrinogen decreased 49.5±8.9% after each session. Conclusions Combined with immunosuppressive therapy, DFPP efficiently removed anti-GBM antibodies in this study. Anti-GBM antibodies dropped in a similar rate among patients, suggesting the possibility for physicians to estimate the total sessions needed to reach the target of negative anti-GBM test. High concentration of albumin solution can be used for the compensation of albumin loss during the therapy. Because plasma fibrinogen levels decreased obviously after DFPP, invasive procedure should be performed with caution.
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    Observation of various hemodialysis methods on clearance of ?-microglobulin in uremic patients
    ZHANG Qi-meng;LI Jie;A Si-ya;LIANG Fu;JI Fu-ying
    2009, 8 (3):  152-154. 
    Abstract ( 630 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (199KB) ( 236 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of hemodialysis (HD), hemodiafiltration (HDF), hemodialysis plus hemoperfusion (HP+HD) and high flux dialysis reuse (HFDR) on clearance of β2-microglobulin (β2M) in uremic patients. Methods We randomly assigned 60 patients treated with hemodialysis for a long period of time in this hospital into HD, HDF, HP+HD or HFDR group, and prospectively observed the changes of β2M in serum and in flow-through dialysate before and after a session. Results Serum β2M increased significantly after treatment in HD group (P<0.01) and HP+HD group (P<0.05). However, serum β2M decreased significantly after treatment in HDF and HFDR groups (P<0.01). β2M concentration in flow-through dialysate was higher in HDF and HFDR groups than in HD group (P<0.01). In HDFR group, serum β2M remained lower after the reuse for 10 times, and the serum β2M before dialysis session decreased significantly (P<0.01) after HFDR for 1 year. Conclusion Effective clearance of β2M in serum can be seen in patients treated with HDF and HFDR but not in those treated HD and HP+HD. Long-term application of HFDR can effectively and persistently lower serum β2M (P<0.01) in maintenance hemodialysis uremic patients.
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    Clinical study on the improvement of restless legs syndrome in uremic patients treated with different hemodialysis methods
    WANG Tong;TU Yang-ke;AN Wen-wen;LIU Yin;ZHANG Wen-yu
    2009, 8 (3):  155-157. 
    Abstract ( 542 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (190KB) ( 189 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effects of conventional hemodialysis (CHD), on-line hemodiafiltration (on-line HDF) and hemodialysis plus hemoperfusion (HD+HP) on clearance of medial molecular size substances and on improvement of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Methods The severity of RLS was graded following the diagnostic criteria of International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) in patients with renal replacement therapy. Thirty cases with higher score were randomly and equally assigned to 3 treatment groups: A group (CHD 3 times/week), B group (CHD twice/week, and on-line HDF once/week), and C group (CHD twice/week and HD+HP once/week). The treatment lasted for 3 months. Serum iPTH and β2-microglobulin (β2m) were examined, and the change of RLS score was monitored. Results The changes of RLS score before and after the treatment were significant different among the 3 groups. Comparison of the scores showed that the decrease of score was significant between 2 groups, with the most remarkable decrease in C group followed by B group. The decrease of serum iPTH and β2m was significant in group A as compared with that in groups B and C, but was insignificant in group B as compared with that in group C. The decrease also showed no difference before and after the treatment in group A. Conclusion RLS in the patients can be improved by the 3 blood purification methods we used, among which HD+HP is most effective, followed by on-line HDF. CHD is no useful for the clearance of iPTH and β2m. On-line HDF and HD+HP have the same effect on clearance of medial molecular size substances.
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    基础研究
    Study of recombinant adiponectin on oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy rats
    TIAN Jun-wei;LIU Ying-hong;YUAN Fang;XU Xiang-qin;PENG You-ming;LIU Hong;LIU Fu-you
    2009, 8 (3):  158-162. 
    Abstract ( 606 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (371KB) ( 178 )  
    【Abstract】 Objective To explore the role of adiponectin in early diabetic nephropathy. Methods Rat model of diabetic nephropathy was established by sucrose and fat-enriched diet and intraperitoneal administration of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg/kg). The model rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: diabetic nephropathy rats without any other treatment (DN group, n=6), diabetic nephropathy rats intraperitoneally injected with the plasmid vector pIRES2-EGFP 200μg twice a week (DP group), and diabetic nephropathy rats intraperitoneally injected with the recombinant plasmid pIRES2-EGFP-gAd 200μg twice a week (DA group). After the treatment for 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed, hydroxyl free radicals and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in renal tissue were measured, and pathological change in kidney was examined by microscopy. Result The scavenging ability of hydroxyl free radicals was decreased (P<0.01) and MDA was increased (P<0.05) in DN group as compared with those of normal controls. The scavenging ability of hydroxyl free radicals was increased (P<0.05) and MDA was decreased in DA group as compared with those in DN and DP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Administration of adiponectin to diabetic nephropathy rats reduces hydroxyl free radicals and MDA in the kidney. Adiponectin inhibits oxidative stress in the kidney, and is useful to prevent the kideny from diabetic nephropathy.
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