Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of vancomycin to lock catheter on central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) due to staphylococcus aureus. Methods A total of 20 patients with CRBSI due to staphylococcus aureus in our center were included in this study. All patients were used long-term central venous catheter for hemodialysis. Antibiotic lock therapy alternately with vancomycin and heparin every 6 hours was used for catheter salvage. In addition to antibiotic lock therapy, systemic vancomycin therapy was administered to all patients. Results   The percentage of diabetic nephropathy was higher in CRBSI group than in control group (45% vs. 19.6%, χ2=4.73, P＜0.05). Of the 20 patients with CRBSI, 14 patients recovered by using the antibiotic lock therapy (70%), and the catheters were successfully salvaged; the remaining 6 patients did not respond to the therapy, of whom 5 underwent catheter removal and one died of infective endocarditis. Serum hemoglobin (96.5±19.2 g/L vs. 92.2±22.1 g/L, t=2.4, P＜0.05) and albumin (35.6±3.8 g/L vs. 32.7±4.2 g/L, t =2.3, P＜0.05) levels were higher in responsive group than in no-responsive group.  Conclusion Antibiotic lock therapy alternately with vancomycin and heparin can effectively reduce catheter removal rate caused by CRBSI due to staphylococcus aureus.