Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiological factors, clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis (RM). Methods A total of 18 patients (mean age 55.3±11.2 years; 10 males and 8 females) with RM-AKI were enrolled in this study. Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum myoglobin (Mb), electrolytes, liver function (GPT, GOT and AKP), renal function (BUN, and Scr), uric acid (UA), blood gas, and electrocardiogram were assayed. The comprehensive therapy included quick volume restoration and alkalifying urine, local treatment of swollen limb, diuretics, and correction of acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbances, and blood purification treatment. Results After volume restoration and blood purification treatment, 2 cases (13.33%) died of underlying diseases and multiple organ failure, and 16 cases completely recovered from AKI and discharged from the hospital. Conclusion RM is a major cause of AKI. RM is not an uncommon disease, and the proportion of RM due to non-traumatic causes becomes higher recently. Serum CPK and blood biochemical parameters can be used for the early diagnosis of RM-AKI. Early comprehensive therapy including blood purification treatment can improve the prognosis. Higher mortality rate was found in older patients with underlying diseases.

Key words: Non-traumatic, Rhabdomyolysis, Acute kidney injury, Clinical, prognosis