Abstract: 【Abstract】In China, maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD) is used in about 15% of the maintenance dialysis patients. Renal anemia is successfully treated in only 40% of the PD patients. The target hemoglobin level for PD population recommended by the international guidelines is ≥115g/L and ＜130g/L, similar to the target level for hemodialysis patients. However, many evidences have showed that the target of upper hemoglobin level should be higher in PD patients than in hemodialysis patients. The management of renal anemia has experienced three stages: blood transfusion, erythropoietin stimulator and iron supplements. Recently, the hypoxia- inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) is introduced, providing a new era of treatment on renal anemia. Clinically, different treatment modalities have different indications and side effects, and individualized strategy based on conditions of the patients should be carried out.

Key words: Renal anemia, Peritoneal dialysis, Advances in diagnosis and treatment