Abstract: More and more evidence suggest that metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease share the similar physiological and pathological mechanism, with mutual promotion of their unfavorable effects. In Oct. 2023, the American Heart Association (AHA) published a chairman's advisory on cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM), in which the definition and stage of CKM syndrome were delineated, and the prediction, screening and management of relevant risks in CKM syndrome were recommended. The proposal of CKM syndrome contributes to the comprehensive and systematic understanding of the relationship among metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. The stage of CKM syndrome is helpful for our comprehension on the processes of metabolic abnormalities developing to cardiovascular and kidney diseases, the mutual promotion of cardiovascular and kidney diseases, and the negative feedback effects of cardiovascular and kidney diseases on metabolic abnormalities. The stage of CKM syndrome is also useful for prediction, screening and management of relevant risks in CKM syndrome, and for making guidelines for early prevention, diagnosis and intervention of CKM syndrome. With the progresses in research and our understanding on CKM syndrome, metabolism abnormalities and metabolic diseases caused by unhealthy lifestyle and the resultant cardiovascular and kidney diseases are expected to be diminished.

Key words: Metabolic syndrome, Cardiovascular disease, Chronic kidney disease, Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome