Abstract: [Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of Levocarnitine combined with hemodialysis in treating uremic perpheral neuropathy. Methods Eighty-four patients with uremic peripheral neuropathy were assigned randomly to hemodialysis group(HD， n＝30),hemodiafiltration group(HDF,n＝27) and Levocarnitine combined with hemodialysis(L-CN+HD,n＝27). The hemodialysis group received regular hemodialysis three times a week.hemodiafiltration group received regular hemodialysis twice a week and hemodiafiltration once a week. Levocarnitine treated group on the basis of regular hemodialysis were given Levocarnitine 2.0g,diluted with 250ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution,ivgtt,3 times/week)．The treatment lasted 8 weeks.The clinical symptoms and the sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV) of median nerve,tibial nerve and peroneal nerve were observed in each group before and after treatment respectively. Results After treatment,the clinical symptoms showed significantly improvement in hemodiafiltration group and Levocarnitine combined with hemodialysis group(P＜0.05).SNCV showed significantly improvement than before treatment(P＜0.01) ，but more significantly improvement than the control group of hemodialysis (P＜0.05). The different in SNCV of hemodiafiltration group and Levocarnitine combined with hemodialysis group was not significantly after treatment（P＞0.05）.Conclusion Uremic peripheral neuropathy patients with conventional HD treatment while combined Levocarnitine or hemodiafiltration therapy can effectively improve peripheral neuropathy, more cost effective treatment can be choosed in accordance with the specific circumstances of the patients.

Key words: Levocarnitine, Hemodiafiltration, Hemodialysis, Uremic peripheralneuropathy, Sensory nerve conduction velocity