中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2019, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02): 107-109.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2019.02.007

• 透析心理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

维持性血液透析患者心理和认知功能调查及其影响因素分析

张兰1,孙超1,程艳娇1,马迎春1   

  1. 1. 首都医科大学康复医学院，中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-11 修回日期:2018-11-21 出版日期:2019-02-12 发布日期:2019-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 马迎春 mych323@163.com E-mail:mych323@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国康复研究中心课题2017ZX—05

Investigation of psychological and cognitive functions and their influential factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients

  • Received:2018-09-11 Revised:2018-11-21 Online:2019-02-12 Published:2019-01-25
  • Contact: yingchun ma E-mail:mych323@163.com

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摘要： 【摘要】目的评估维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis, MHD)患者心理功能及认知功能情况，分析其相关影响因素。方法选择2017 年5 月1 日～2018 年5 月1 日中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院规律血液透析超过3 个月的MHD 患者113 例，以焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale，SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale，SDS)评估MHD 患者心理功能状况；简易精神状态评价量表(mini-mental state examination，MMSE)评估MHD 患者认知功能状况。结果①心理功能：MHD 患者焦虑患病率为8.6%，其中轻度、中重度的焦虑患病率分别为5.2%、3.4%；MHD 患者抑郁患病率为69%，其中轻度、中度、重度的抑郁患病率分别为29.3%、21.6%、18.1%。②认知功能：33.6%的MHD 患者存在认知功能障碍。脑血管疾病是MHD 患者认知功能障碍的独立危险因素，合并脑血管病的MHD 患者认知功能障碍的风险显著增加(OR=3.092，95% CI:1.192～8.025，P=0.020)。结论MHD 患者心理功能障碍高发，而且存在不同程度的认知功能障碍，脑血管病是认知功能障碍的独立危险因素。

关键词: 血液透析, 心理功能, 认知功能

Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To evaluate the psychological and cognitive functions and their influential factors in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods A total of 113 MHD patients with regular hemodialysis for more than three months in Beijing Bo’ai Hospital of China Rehabilitation Research Center in the period from May 1, 2017 to May 1, 2018 were enrolled in this study. Psychological function was assessed by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and cognitive function was assessed by Simple Mental State Assessment Scale (MMSE). Results For psychological function in MHD patients, the prevalence rate of anxiety was 8.6% (mild anxiety 5.2% and severe anxiety 3.4%); the prevalence of depression was 69% (mild depression 29.3%, moderate depression 21.6% and severe depression 18.1%). For cognitive function in MHD patients, the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was 33.6%; cerebrovascular disease was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment, and the risk of cognitive impairment increased
significantly in MHD patients with cerebrovascular disease (OR=3.092, 95% CI: 1.192~8.025, P=0.020). Conclusion MHD patients have a higher prevalence rate of psychological disorders and cognitive dysfunction at various degrees. Cerebrovascular disease is an independent risk factor for cognitive dysfunction.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Psychological function, Cognitive function