中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (06): 513-517.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2025.06.015

• 护理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

维持性血液透析患者就医体验现况及其影响因素分析

刘 群   闫 丽    刘进进    张 丽    胡 丹    姚 英   

  1. 100038 北京，1首都医科大学附属复兴医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-12 修回日期:2025-03-20 出版日期:2025-06-12 发布日期:2025-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 刘群 E-mail:txxkma@sina.com

The status and influencing factors of medical service experiences in maintenance hemodialysis patients

LIU Qun, YAN Li, LIU Jin-jin, ZHANG Li, HU Dan, YAO Ying   

  1. Department of Nephrology, Fuxing Hospital, The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
  • Received:2024-10-12 Revised:2025-03-20 Online:2025-06-12 Published:2025-06-12
  • Contact: 100038 北京，1首都医科大学附属复兴医院肾内科 E-mail:txxkma@sina.com

摘要： 目的 调查维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者就医体验现况并分析其影响因素，为改善医疗服务提供更多循证证据。 方法 单中心横断面研究，选取2023年12月—2024年3月在首都医科大学附属复兴医院透析中心接受治疗的门诊MHD患者,采用自制量表，分析患者的就医体验状况；同时收集患者的人口学特征和临床资料，分析患者就医体验与社会学因素、心理因素、合并疾病、透析龄、透析相关并发症及健康教育等因素的相关性。 结果 共纳入127例患者。就医体验量表在尊重患者维度出现问题的比例最低(10.6%)；在情感支持维度、信任度维度和延续护理维度出现问题的比例较高(分别为44.1%,48.0%,37.8%)。就医体验较好组(n=69)患者接受饮食和血管通路宣教的比例高于就诊体验较差组(n=58)[χ 2=21.874，15.687；均P＜0.001]。 结论 MHD患者总体就医体验有待提高，特别是在情感支持维度、信任度维度和延续性护理维度；有效的健康教育是提高MHD患者就医体验的重要环节。

关键词: 血液透析, 就医体验, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of medical service experiences among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.  Methods  A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted on outpatient MHD patients treated in the Hemodialysis Center of Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University from December 2023 to March 2024. A self-developed questionnaire was used to evaluate the medical service experiences in the MHD patients. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. The correlations between medical service experiences of the patients and factors including sociological characteristics, psychological factors, comorbidities, dialysis duration, dialysis-related complications, and health education were analyzed.  Results  A total of 127 patients were included in this study. The medical service experience questionnaire found that the dimension of respect for patient preferences had the lowest rate of problems (average 10.6%). In contrast, higher rates of problems were obtained in the dimensions of emotional support (44.1%), trust (48.0%), and continuity of care (37.8%). In the patients with better medical service experiences (n=69), the proportions of having diet education (85.5% vs. 46.6%, χ2=21.874, P＜0.001) and vascular access education (85.5% vs. 53.4%, χ2=15.687, P＜0.001) were higher, as compared those with bad medical service experiences (n=58).  Conclusion  The medical service experiences in MHD patients needs to be improved, especially in the dimensions of emotional support, trust, and continuity of treatment. Health education plays an important role in improving patient's experiences in hemodialysis center.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Medical service experience, Influencing factor

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