中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (11): 909-913.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2025.11.007

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于社会生态系统理论的调查研究：老年维持性血液透析患者成功老龄化的现状与影响因素

高昕汝   江 瑞   臧丽丽   罗明君   洪成波   

  1. 313000 湖州，1湖州师范学院附属中心医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-12 修回日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2025-11-12 发布日期:2025-11-12
  • 通讯作者: 江瑞 E-mail:RuiJiang1008@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目（2023KY308）

A survey based on society ecosystems theory: status and influencing factors of successful aging in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

GAO Xin-ru，JIANG Rui，ZANG Li-li，LUO Ming-jun，HONG Cheng-bo   

  1. Department of Nephrology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
  • Received:2024-12-12 Revised:2025-09-08 Online:2025-11-12 Published:2025-11-12
  • Contact: 313000 湖州，1湖州师范学院附属中心医院肾内科 E-mail:RuiJiang1008@163.com

摘要： 目的 基于社会生态系统理论调查老年维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者成功老龄化(successful aging，SA)现状及影响因素。 方法 于2024年2─6月便利选取325例老年MHD患者进行横断面调查。 结果 老年MHD患者SA得分为(38.54±10.90)分；多元线性回归分析显示微观系统中文化程度(初中：β=0.107，P=0.001)(高中/中专：β=0.124，P＜0.001)(大专及以上：β=0.150，P＜0.001)、家庭人均月收入(1000～＜3000元：β=0.217，P＜0.001)(3000～5000元：β=0.423，P＜0.001)(＞5000元：β=0.461，P＜0.001)、婚姻状态(β=-0.117，P＜0.001)、运动情况(偶尔：β=0.080，P=0.008)(经常：β=0.118，P=0.001)、生命意义感(β=0.379，P＜0.001)是老年MHD患者成功老龄化的影响因素。中观系统中领悟社会支持(β=0.086，P=0.004)，尤其是家庭支持是老年MHD患者成功老龄化的影响因素。 结论 老年MHD患者SA处于较低水平，建议临床医务人员重点关注离异/丧偶、低文化程度、低收入、低社会支持、低生命意义感和运动情况差的患者，并采取积极的护理措施，帮助其提高SA水平。

关键词: 老年人, 维持性血液透析, 成功老龄化, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Objective  To investigate the status and influencing factors of successful aging (SA) in elderly maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients based on society ecosystems theory.   Methods  A cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenience sampling on 325 elderly MHD patients from February to June 2024.  Results  The SA score of elderly MHD patients was (38.54 ± 10.90) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in the microsystem, education level (junior high school: β=0.107, P=0.001; high school/technical secondary school: β=0.124, P＜0.001; college or above: β=0.150, P＜0.001), monthly household income per capita (1000～3000 yuan: β=0.217, P＜0.001; 3000～5000 yuan: β=0.423, P＜0.001; >5000 yuan: β=0.461, P＜0.001), marital status (β=-0.117, P＜0.001), exercise habit (occasional: β=0.080, P=0.008; regular: β=0.118, P=0.001), and sense of meaning in life (β=0.379, P＜0.001) were influencing factors for SA in elderly MHD patients. In the mesosystem, perceived social support (β=0.086, P=0.004), particularly family support, was an influencing factor for SA in elderly MHD patients.  Conclusion  The SA level of elderly MHD patients is relatively low. Clinical healthcare providers are advised to focus on patients who are divorced/widowed, have low education levels, low income, low social support, low sense of meaning in life, and poor exercise habits, and to adopt active nursing measures to help improve their SA level.

Key words: Elderly, Maintenance hemodialysis, Successful ageing, Influencing factors

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