中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (03): 222-226.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2026.03.010

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年维持性血液透析患者社会衰弱的异质性与影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析

王 能    王雪芬    王国庆    何德娇   

  1. 430060 武汉，武汉大学人民医院1肾内科 3肾内Ⅱ科
    430060 武汉，2武汉大学人民医院东院血液透析室
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-29 修回日期:2025-07-20 出版日期:2026-03-12 发布日期:2026-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 王雪芬 E-mail:1194594275@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    2023年湖北省重点实验室开放项目专硕（2024KYC007）

Heterogeneity and influencing factors of social frailty in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients: a latent profile analysis

WANG Neng, WANG Xue-fen, WANG Guo-qing, HE De-jiao   

  1. Department of Nephrology, and 3Department of Nephrology II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; 2Hemodialysis Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University East, Wuhan, 430060, China
  • Received:2025-05-29 Revised:2025-07-20 Online:2026-03-12 Published:2026-03-12
  • Contact: 430060 武汉，1武汉大学人民医院1肾内科 E-mail:1194594275@qq.com

摘要： 目的 探讨老年维持性血液透析患者社会衰弱潜在类别及影响因素。 方法 选取武汉市2所三甲医院248例老年维持性血液透析患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、社会衰弱指数、简化版老年抑郁量表、个人掌控感量表和社会网络量表，运用潜在剖面分析进行异质性检验，采用多元Logistic回归分析潜在类别社会衰弱的影响因素。 结果 老年维持性血液透析患者社会衰弱可分为：轻度社会衰弱-综合性型(62.10%)、中度社会衰弱-信息获取型(11.29%)和重度社会衰弱型(26.61%)。回归分析结果显示：已婚(OR=5.074,95% CI:1.082～23.797,P=0.039)、抑郁症(OR=0.546,95% CI:0.356～0.941,P=0.028)、初中及以下学历(OR=0.042,95% CI:0.002～0.862,P=0.040)、个人掌控感(OR=1.522,95% CI:1.183～1.958,P=0.001)、透析龄＜1年(OR=25.286，95% CI:1.347～43.652,P=0.022)、社会网络(OR=1.247,95% CI:1.071～1.451,P=0.004)是老年维持性血液透析患者社会衰弱潜在类别的影响因素。 结论 老年维持性血液透析患者社会衰弱存在明显的异质性，医护人员应根据不同类别及其特征，实施针对性干预。

关键词: 老年, 维持性血液透析, 潜在剖面分析, 社会衰弱, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective  To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of social frailty in elderly maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.  Methods  A total of 248 elderly patients undergoing MHD from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan were enrolled in this study. General information questionnaire, Social Vulnerability Index, Geriatric Depression Scale 5, Personal Mastery Scale, and Social Network Scale were used for the investigation. Latent profile analysis was used to test the heterogeneity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influencing factors for potential types of social frailty.  Results  The social frailty of elderly MHD patients could be categorized as mild social frailty-comprehensive type (62.10%), moderate social frailty-information acquisition type (11.29%), and severe social frailty type (26.61%). Regression analysis showed that marriage (OR=5.074, 95% CI: 1.082～23.797, P=0.039), depression (OR=0.546, 95% CI: 0.356～0.941, P=0.028), education of junior high school or below (OR=0.042,  95% CI: 0.002～0.862, P=0.040), and sense of personal mastery (OR=1.522, 95% CI: 1.183～1.958, P=0.001), dialysis duration ＜1 year (OR=25.286, 95% CI: 1.347～43.652, P=0.022) and social network (OR=1.247, 95% CI: 1.071～S1.451, P=0.004) were the influencing factors for potential categories of social frailty in elderly MHD patients.  Conclusion   Significant heterogeneity exists in social frailty among elderly MHD patients. Medical staff should implement target interventions tailored to distinct frailty categories and clinical characteristics.

Key words: Elderly, Maintenance hemodialysis, Latent profile analysis, Social frailty, Influence factor

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