中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (03): 233-237.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2026.03.012

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

非药物干预对维持性血液透析患者口渴症状影响的网状Meta分析

张奕嘉    刘红霞    黄 静    林可可    于鑫淼    李晓琦    张淑萍   

  1. 102488 北京，1北京中医药大学护理学院
    100020 北京，2首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院护理部
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-18 修回日期:2025-12-23 出版日期:2026-03-12 发布日期:2026-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 张淑萍 E-mail:zpspsz1984@163.com

A mesh meta-analysis of the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on thirst symptoms in maintenance hemodialysis patients

ZHANG Yi-jia, LIU Hong-xia, HUANG Jing, LIN Ke-ke, YU Xin-miao, LI Xiao-qi, ZHANG Shu-ping   

  1. School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; ²Department of Nursing, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2025-09-18 Revised:2025-12-23 Online:2026-03-12 Published:2026-03-12
  • Contact: 102488 北京，1北京中医药大学护理学院 E-mail:zpspsz1984@163.com

摘要： 目的  通过网状Meta分析评价不同非药物干预措施对维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者口渴症状的效果，为临床护理提供依据。 方法  检索PubMed、Web of science、the Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库等8个数据库中关于非药物干预方式对MHD患者口渴症状影响的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2025年7月25日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、质量评价及数据提取。采用RevMan 5.4和Stata14.0软件进行网状Meta分析。 结果  共纳入14项研究，937例MHD患者，10种非药物干预措施。常规护理与咀嚼无糖口香糖(SMD=-3.69，95%CI：-4.51～-2.86，P＜0.001)、复合漱口水漱口(SMD=-1.48，95%CI：-2.77～-0.20，P=0.024)、钠综合管理(SMD=-3.3，95%CI：-6.56～-0.04，P=0.047)、含服柠檬冰块(SMD=-1.69，95%CI：   -3.21～-0.17，P=0.029)比较差异有统计学意义。 结论  咀嚼无糖口香糖缓解口渴症状效果最佳，临床医护工作者可结合患者意愿制定相关干预措施。

关键词: 非药物干预, 维持性血液透析, 口渴

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of different non-pharmacological interventions on thirst in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) via a network meta-analysis, and to provide evidence for clinical nursing.  Methods  Randomized controlled trials about the impact of non-pharmacological interventions on thirst in MHD patients were searched across eight databases: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM. The search period was from database inception to July 25, 2025. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction. Network meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14.0 software.  Results  A total of 14 studies were included, involving 937 MHD patients and 10 non-pharmacological interventions. There was a statistically significant difference between routine care and the following interventions: chewing sugar-free gum (SMD=-3.69, 95% CI: -4.51～-2.86, P＜0.001), rinsing mouth with compound mouthwash (SMD=  -1.48, 95% CI: -2.77～-0.20, P=0.024), comprehensive sodium management (SMD=-3.3, 95% CI: -6.56～     -0.04, P=0.047), and sucking lemon ice cubes (SMD=-1.69, 95% CI: -3.21～-0.17, P=0.029).  Conclusion Chewing sugar-free gum is the most effective intervention for alleviating thirst symptoms. Clinical healthcare providers can develop relevant interventions following patients’ preferences.

Key words: Non-pharmacological intervention, Maintenance hemodialysis, Thirst

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