目的 对患者报告穿刺体验量表(needling patient reported experience measure，NPREM)进行跨文化调适，并评价其在维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis，MHD)患者中的信效度。 方法 遵循国际药物经济学与结局研究学会(International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research，ISPOR)指南进行翻译、回译及文化调适。采用连续抽样法，选取2025年12月—2026年1月在重庆市陆军军医大学第二附属医院血液透析中心420例MHD患者，采用随机化方式分为2部分,分别用于探索性因子分析(n=200)和验证性因子分析(n=220)，采用随机数字表法从其中选取60例进行重测。 结果 中文版NPREM含26个正式条目。探索性因子分析提取5个因子，累积方差贡献率70.42%；验证性因子分析显示，卡方自由度比(χ²/df)=1.480，近似误差均方根(root mean square error of approximation，RMSEA)=0.047，比较拟合指数(comparative fit index，CFI)=0.950。条目水平内容效度指数(item-level content validity index，I-CVI)=0.85～1.00，量表水平内容效度指数平均值(scale-level content validity index/average，S-CVI/Ave)=0.996；总量表Cronbach's α=0.931，重测信度的组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient，ICC)=0.824(95% CI:0.146～0.941)。 结论 中文版NPREM信效度良好，可作为我国MHD患者穿刺体验的评估工具。

Objective To culturally adapt the needling patient reported experience measure (NPREM) and to evaluate its reliability and validity in maintenance hemodialysis patients.  Methods  Following the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines, the NPREM was translated, back-translated, and culturally adapted. A total of 420 maintenance hemodialysis patients was consecutively recruited between December 2025 and January 2026 from the Hemodialysis Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing. These samples were randomly divided into two parts using simple randomization (approximately 1:1 ratio) for exploratory factor analysis (EFA, n=200) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA, n=220). Sixty patients were randomly selected using a random number table for retest.  Results  The Chinese version of NPREM comprised 26 scored items. EFA extracted 5 factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 70.42%. CFA showed that the normed chi-square (χ²/df) was 1.480, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.047, and comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.950. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was 0.85～1.00, and scale-level content validity index/average (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.996. The total scale Cronbach's α was 0.931, and the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.824 (95% CI: 0.146～0.941).  Conclusion  The Chinese version of NPREM has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to assess needling experience in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China.