目的 通过多中心研究，旨评估目前我国南方血液透析患者生存质量的状况。方法 病例 主要选择中山大学附属第一医院，以及广州市等6家大型医院的维持性血液透析3个月以上的血液透析患者180名。使用KDQOL-SFTM表进行问卷调查，根据Ron D. Hays提供的计分方法对结果进行评分，用SPSS10软件包分析数据。 结果 ①血液透析患者肾脏病和透析相关生存质量(KDTA)和SF-36总分两部分均较欧美日的同类报道偏低； ②血液透析男性患者在KDTA和SF-36及其肾脏病的影响、肾脏病的负担、工作状态方面、体能、和情感方面优于女性血液透析，而女性血液透析满意度优于男性血液透析；③血液透析患者三个年龄段之间的KDTA和SF-36以及多数分支领域并无显著差异，仅在症状与不适、工作状态、性功能、体能方面高龄组生存质量评分显著低于青年组；④不同血液透析时间组患者之间生存质量各有不同，血液透析4～10年组患者在睡眠、疼痛、体能方面低于血液透析2年以内组和血液透析2～4年组，血液透析10年以上患者，在KDTA、SF-36及其多数领域显著低于其他三组。结论 ①广州市的血液透析患者生存质量总体水平明显低于西方国家；② 血液透析男性患者生存质量多项优于女性患者；③不同年龄组血液透析患者之间，生存质量总体没有差异，仅在个别领域年轻患者优于年长患者；④血液透析超过10年，生存质量将全面下降。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of hemodialysis (HD), as well as analysis which factor impact on QoL of HD patients in southern China. Methods One hundreds and eighty HD patients coming from multi-dialysis centers in Guangzhou were included. QoL were investigated by using KDQOL-SFTM questionnaire and scored according to Ron D. Hays Score Criterion. Statistical analyses were completed by using SPSS.10 systems. Results ① QoL scores of our study were lower than that of studies in western countries.②There were significant differences in five areas of QoL between male and female. ③There were a few differences among three age groups except physically associated problems such as symptom/problem list, work status, sexual function, physical functioning. ④There were many differences in QoL in different hemodialysis-term among dialysis less than two years, two-four years, and four-ten years, however, it demonstrated the lowest QoL in those patients who dialysis more than ten years. Conclusion ①Our data suggested that the QoL of hemodialysis patients in southern China was lower than that of western countries；②It seemed that age might not impact on QoL, but gender might be a key effective factor on QoL；③ QoL of hemodialysis patients would be declined, while the dialysis term increased, esp- ecially, patients dialysis over ten years.