【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of different schedules for intravenous iron administration on uremic anemia, microinflammation and oxidative stress response in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, in order to find out a convenient, safe and efficient iron administration for these patients. Methods We prospectively studied 70 MHD patients treated in the Fourth China Medical University Hospital during the period of 2006 to 2007. They were randomly assigned into 5 groups to observe their hematological changes of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum iron (SI) and serum ferritin (SF), as well as the microinflammation and oxidative stress parameters of serum C reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) before and after the treatment. The side effects of iron therapy were also recorded. Results After the iron treatment for 8 weeks, Hb, Hct and SF increased significantly in the intravenous iron administration groups (P＜0.01), but had no differences among the intravenous iron administration groups of 100mg for one dose, 200mg for 5 times, and 500mg for 2 times (P＞0.05). MHD patients had lower serum SOD activity and higher serum CRP and MDA concentrations, as compared with those of healthy controls (P＜0.01). Serum SOD activity decreased and serum CRP and MDA concentrations increased in the intravenous iron administration groups after the treatment for 8 weeks (P＜0.05). However, these parameters showed no differences in the 3 intravenous administration groups of various doses. Conclusion The 3 methods of intravenous sucrose iron administration are equally effective to improve anemia, iron deficiency, microinflammation and oxidative status without considerable side effects in MHD patients. The method of intravenous 500mg sucrose iron for 2 times is relatively convenient.