【摘要】目的 观察低温透析在儿童血液透析中的应用。 方法 选择我院的急慢性透析患儿，分别进行常温透析(37℃)和低温透析(35℃)，共95人次。比较透析中血压、心率及低血压发生率的变化。 结果 在透析第3小时低温透析组舒张压水平明显高于常温透析组(P=0.023)；与透析前基础血压相比，常温组舒张压和平均动脉压下降程度较低温组更显著，透析进行到第3小时两组间均具有显著差异(分别为P=0.004和P=0.014)。在透析结束时，低温组具有稳定心率的优势，两组间具有显著性差异(P=0.032)。在低血压发生率和透析效率方面无显著差异。 结论 低温透析在儿童中同样适用，可以有效维持透析中患儿血流动力学稳定。

【Abstarct】 Objective To observe the effect of lower temperature dialysate for hemodialysis in children. Methods We analyzed 95 times of hemodialysis using 37℃ dialysate or 35℃ dialysate for children with acute or chronic renal failure. Their blood pressure, heart rate and the incidence of hypotension were compared. Results After hemodialysis for 3 hours, the children treated with 35℃ dialysate showed higher diastolic blood pressure than those treated with 37℃ dialysate (P=0.023). The decrease of diastolic and mean blood pressure was greater in children treated with 37℃ dialysate than in those with 35℃ dialysate, and these differences became more apparent after the hemodialysis for 3 hours. In children treated with 35℃ dialysate, heart rate was relatively stable (P=0.032), but without the advantages in hypotension incidence and dialysis efficiency. Conclusion Lower temperature hemodialysate is better in maintaining hemodynamic stability, and is also suitable for children.