中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (01): 54-57.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2025.01.011

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

巨噬细胞在血液透析用自体动静脉内瘘成熟与失功中的作用

邹佳乐    迟雁青   

  1. 050051 石家庄，1河北医科大学第三医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-10-23 出版日期:2025-01-12 发布日期:2025-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 迟雁青 E-mail:lilychi@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    2022年度河北省优秀人才项目

The role of macrophages in the maturation and dysfunction of autogenous arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis

ZOU Jia-le1, CHI Yan-qing   

  1. Department of Nephrology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-10-23 Online:2025-01-12 Published:2025-01-12
  • Contact: 050051 石家庄，1河北医科大学第三医院肾内科 E-mail:lilychi@sina.com

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摘要： 炎症在自体动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula，AVF)血管重塑的早期与晚期阶段均发挥着至关重要的调节作用。作为炎症反应中的重要免疫细胞之一，巨噬细胞具有在微环境中极化为炎症型(M1)和抗炎型(M2)等表型的能力。它们在炎症的发生、发展和消退过程中扮演着关键角色，并在AVF经历手术创伤下及血流动力学改变、缺氧和高脂血症等环境下能发挥重要调控作用，影响AVF的成熟或失功。目前，一些免疫抑制剂和他汀类药物已被证实能够减少巨噬细胞的浸润，从而改善AVF的通畅性。因此，深入了解巨噬细胞在AVF血管重塑中的作用，同时寻找更有效的调控巨噬细胞的方法可能成为提高AVF成熟率和保持通畅性的新方向。

关键词: 巨噬细胞, 自体动静脉内瘘, 炎症

Abstract: Inflammation is known to play a crucial role in both early and late phases of vascular remodeling in arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Macrophages are pivotal immune cells in inflammatory responses and exhibit the ability to polarize into pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes in microenvironment. They play key roles in the initiation, progression and resolution of inflammation and in the modulation of AVF in response to surgical trauma, hemodynamic alterations, hypoxia and hyperlipidemia, thereby impacting the maturation and function of AVF. Currently, serval immunosuppressive agents and statins have been demonstrated to diminish macrophage infiltration, enable to improve AVF patency. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the roles of macrophages in AVF vascular remodeling is imperative. The exploration of more effective strategies for macrophage regulation may represent a novel avenue for enhancing maturity and maintaining patency of AVF.

Key words: Macrophage, Autogenous arteriovenous fistula, Inflammation

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