中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2014, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (10): 681-685.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2014.10.002

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

腹膜透析患者来电咨询的原因分析

武向兰,芦丽霞,乔婕,门春翠,武蓓,赵慧萍,王梅   

  1. 北京大学人民医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-31 修回日期:2014-06-11 出版日期:2014-10-12 发布日期:2014-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵慧萍 zhaohuiping@medmail.com.cn E-mail:huipingzhao2009@163.com

The telephone call from peritoneal dialysis patients for consultation：a retrospective study from a single center

  • Received:2014-03-31 Revised:2014-06-11 Online:2014-10-12 Published:2014-10-21

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摘要： 【摘要】目的 电话随访是居家腹膜透析患者与医务人员沟通、交流的重要补充手段，对于及时了解患者的情况，有针对性地指导患者的饮食用药、处理方法及调整治疗方案有重要意义。本研究旨在通过调查腹膜透析患者的来电记录，分析来电咨询频率和内容，为有针对性的个体化培训与再培训提供依据。方法 调查北京大学人民医院腹膜透析中心2010年10月1日至2012年9月30日期间的维持性腹膜透析患者的电话随访记录，收集来电咨询患者的一般资料，分析来电患者的特征、电话咨询内容及频率。不同类别的患者来电频率构成比之间的比较采用卡方检验。结果 （1）2年期间电话随访总计3936次，其中来电咨询1983次，占总电话随访次数的50.4%。共有194位患者来电，占期间随访患者总数211例的91.9%。（2）来电咨询的前三位原因分别是腹透相关的饮食咨询、心脑血管症状及其他科室咨询、容量负荷加重相关问题。（3）进一步分层分析，按照不同透析龄分类，透析龄0-6个月的患者来电咨询次数最多，13-36个月的患者次之。按照不同原发病分类，糖尿病肾病的患者来电咨询次数明显高于其他原发病患者。按照不同季节分类，容量负荷加重的相关问题在冬季稍显突出；而感染相关并发症的咨询电话在夏季明显多于其他季节。按照不同年龄分类，61-80岁的老年患者来电咨询比例最高，按照平均每人来电咨询次数统计，80岁以上老年患者人均来电次数最多，61-80岁的患者次之。结论 不同透析龄、不同原发病、不同季节、不同年龄的腹透患者，来电咨询的频率和原因有所不同。应该针对重点人群如糖尿病患者、老年患者、新开始腹透的患者以及处于透析动荡期的患者，在特定季节如冬季、夏季，应针对重点问题，加强宣教与再培训。

关键词: 腹膜透析, 电话随访, 再培训

Abstract: Objectives Follow-up by telephone is a supplementary method for home peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients to communicate with medical staffs. It is very important for PD doctors and nurses to get the message from patients about their conditions and then to guide the patients how to adjust their diet, medication, processing method and therapeutic schedule. We investigated the telephone record from PD patients to analyze the information and frequency of consultation by telephone in order to provide the evidences for individualized training and retraining. Methods We searched for the follow-up record by telephone from all PD patients treated at the PD center of Peking University People's Hospital from Oct. 1st, 2010 to Sept. 30th, 2012. Their demographic data were collected, and the characteristics, content and frequency of the telephone calls from the PD patients were analyzed. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequencies of telephone call from the PD patients with different characteristics. Results ①In the period of two years, there were totally 3,936 telephone calls, of which 1,983 calls (50.4%) asked for consultation. These calls were from 194 patients, accounting for 91.9% of the treated PD patients. ② The main item for consultation was PD-related dietary, followed by cardiovascular symptoms and related subjects, and volume overload. ③ Further stratified analyses were carried out based on primary disease, season, age, and telephone call frequency. Patients with diabetic nephropathy called more frequent than those with other primary diseases. Volume overload was the common topic in winter, and infection related complications were more frequent in summer than in other seasons. Most calls were from the patients of 61～80 years old. The call frequency was higher in patients of >80 years old than in those of 61～80 years old. Conclusions primary disease, season and age affected the frequency and topic of telephone calls. Education and retraining should be emphasized in specific seasons such as winter and summer, especially to diabetic nephropathy patients, elderly patients.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Telephone consultation, Retraining