中国血液净化

中国血液净化 ›› 2017, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (09): 592-595.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2017.09.004

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

并发上腔静脉血栓的隧道式透析导管行原位导管更换致症状性肺栓塞的发生率及预后观察

孙宏1,鄢成静2,熊楠楠3,于洋4,崔天蕾4   

  1. 1. 四川省什邡市中医医院肾内科
    2. 四川省凉山州第一人民医院肾内科
    3. 95171部队卫生队
    4. 四川大学华西医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-06 修回日期:2017-06-30 出版日期:2017-09-12 发布日期:2017-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 崔天蕾 tianleicui@163.com E-mail:tianleicui@163.com

The incidence and prognosis of symptomatic pulmonary embolism associated with the wire-guided exchange of tunneled cuffed catheters complicated with superior vena cava thrombosis

  • Received:2017-03-06 Revised:2017-06-30 Online:2017-09-12 Published:2017-09-12

PDF

406

摘要： 目的观察并发上腔静脉血栓的隧道式cuff 透析导管(tunneled cuffed dialysis catheters，TCC)行原位导管更换时症状性肺栓塞的发生率及转归情况。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2015 年1 月～2016 年9 月因TCC 功能障碍在DSA(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)引导下行原位导管更换的、并发上腔静脉血栓的维持血液透析患者31 例。记录患者术中及术后24h 出现胸闷、胸痛、呼吸困难、咯血、心率增快、血压下降及血氧饱和度下降等急性肺栓塞相关症状的发生例数，对有症状的患者进行胸部血管CT 造影(computed tomography angiography,CTA)检查，明确是否存在肺栓塞。结果本研究共纳入31 例患者，平均年龄(64.16±15.77)岁，女性23 例(74.19%)，男性8 例(25.81%)。出现急性肺栓塞相关症状的病例共9 例(29.03%)：6 例存在不同程度的呼吸困难症状，其中，2 例合并胸闷症状，1 例合并心率增快及一过性的血氧饱和度降低；3 例心率增快；无患者发生胸痛、咯血及血压降低情况。行胸部血管CTA 检查仅发现1 例(1/9)存在肺栓塞。对所有研究对象进行电话随访无1 例死亡。结论并发上腔静脉血栓的TCC 在DSA 引导下进行原位换管是相对安全的，其所致的症状性肺栓塞及严重不良后果的发生率低。

关键词: 隧道式cuff透析导管, 导管功能障碍, 原位导管更换, 上腔静脉血栓, 肺栓塞

Abstract: Objective To analyze the incidence and prognosis of symptomatic pulmonary embolism due to the operation of wire-guided exchange of tunneled cuffed dialysis catheters (TCC) with superior vena cava thrombosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 31 patients undergoing hemodialysis using TCC as the long-term vascular access and complicated with superior vena cava thrombosis in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2015 to September 2016. These patients were treated with wire- guided exchange of TCC under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) because of the TCC dysfunction.
Symptoms of acute pulmonary embolism, such as chest tightness, chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, accelerated heart rate, hypotension and lower oxygen saturation were recorded during the operation and after the operation for 24 hours. Thoracic CT angiography (CTA) was performed for the symptomatic patients to determine whether pulmonary embolism happened. Results A total of 31 patients with the average age of 64.16 ±15.77 years old were enrolled in this study. Nine patients (29.03%) presented with pulmonary embolism related symptoms: 6 cases with different degrees of dyspnea, in which 2 patients felt chest tightness and one case had accelerated heart rate and transient lowering of oxygen saturation; 3 cases with accelerated heart rate. No patients had chest pain, hemoptysis and hypotension. Thoracic CTA examination revealed pulmonary embolism in one case (1/9). All patients were followed up by telephone, and no one died. Conclusions Wire-guided exchange of TCC under the guidance of DSA for the patients with TCC complicated with superior vena cava thrombosis is relatively safe. The incidence of symptomatic pulmonary embolism and severe adverse consequences is low.

Key words: tunneled cuffed catheter, catheter dysfunction, wire-guided exchange, superior vena cava thrombosis, pulmonary embolism