关键词: 血液净化, 血管通路, 发展史

Abstract: 【Abstract】In the developmental processes of blood purification, vascular access undergoes a long period of progression. The application of Quinton-Scribner shunt and Brescia-Cimino fistula is a milestone in the developmental history of blood access. Currently, internal arteriovenous fistula is the preferential and essential method of permanent blood access. Arteriovenous graft provides an alternative for patients without suitable vessels for autologous fistula; polytetrafluoroethylene is widely used for the graft and bioengineered blood vessels are expected to be used clinically in the nearly future. Central vein catheterization played an important role for blood access and nowadays is commonly used as a transitional measure. The continuous improvement of material and structure of the graft and long-term patency of the graft are imperative. Medical staff working for blood access should put their focuses on early protection of vascular resources and rational planning, monitoring and maintenance of the blood access after establishment of vascular access route.

Key words: Blood purification, Vascular access, History