目的 探讨腹膜透析患者自理能力和家庭辅助能力对患者长期生存的影响。方法 对155例 腹膜透析患者进行随访，对其进入腹膜透析的情况，以及退出和死亡的情况予以记录，并对患者的自理能力和家庭辅助能力予以调查。结果 患者的自理能力对患者生存率具有显著的影响作用( P<0.01)，且具有完全自理能力和部分自理能力的患者，其患者生存率明显高于无自理能力的患者(P<0.01)；而家庭辅助能力对患者生存率无显著的影响作用(P>0.05)。结论 患者的自理能力与临床预后相关，提示提高患者的自理能力可能有助于改善临床预后。

Objective To determine the effect of self-care ability and family assistant ability on survival rate of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods One hunrdred and fifty-five PD patients were involved in this study. These patients were followed-up during the whole PD period. Either they exit or died, their survival time were recorded. The patients' self-care ability and their family assistant ability were evaluated during the study. Result The patients' self-care ability had a significant influence on their survival (P<0.01), the patients with full self-care ability and partly self-care ability had higher survival than them who had no self-care ability. But the family assistant ability had no effect on survival (P>0.05). Conclusion The patients' self-care ability was related to the clinical outcome in PD patients. The improvement of self-care ability may be powerful to the amelioration of their prognosis.