目的 观察维持性血液透析(MHD)患者PBMC NF-κB的活性水平，探讨其对PBMC IL-6表达 的影响。方法 使用同种膜透析器超过6个月的MHD患者33例，其中二醋酸纤维素膜(CDA膜组)17例，聚砜膜(PS膜组)16例，于单次血液透析前采血25mL，培养PBMC，RT-PCR法检测IL-6 mRNA，电泳迁移率改变实验测定NF-κB活性。结果 单纯培养基培养和LPS刺激下，单次血液透析前CDA膜和PS膜组MHD患者PBMC NF-κB活性、IL-6的蛋白质和mRNA表达均显著高于健康人和非透析CRF患者(P < 0.05)； NF-κB特异性阻抑剂吡咯啉烷二甲基硫脲对各组患者PBMC NF-κB活性、PBMC IL-6蛋白质和mRNA表达均有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01)； MHD患者PBMC NF-κB活性与IL-6蛋白质和mRNA的表达呈正相关。结论 MHD患者PBMC NF-κB活性增高，且可能参与了PBMC IL-6高表达的调控。

Objective To investigate the level of PBMC NF-κB activity, and its influence on expression of interleukin-6 in maintained-hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Thirty-three patients were included in the study, 17 cases received hemodialysis with cellulose diacetate membrane (CDA group) and 16 cases with polysulfone membrane (PS group), for more than 6 months. Fresh isolated PBMC were cultured. IL-6 mRNA were measured with RT-PCR, and activity of NF-κB were measured with eletrophoresis mobility shift assay. Results Cultured with medium or lipopolysaccharide, the level of PBMC NF-κB activity, gene expression and protein synthesis of PBMC IL-6 in PS and CDA group were significantly increased when compared with those in healthy and non-hemodialysis group (P<0.05). Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate could not only significantly inhibit the activity of NF-κB, but also inhibit the expression of IL-6 in PBMC (P<0.01). The level of in NF-κB activity PBMC correlated with gene expression and protein synthesis of IL-6 in PBMC (P<0.05). Conclusion We suggest that the level of PBMC NF-κB activity is increased, and NF-κB may mediate IL-6 up-expression in MHD patients.