【摘要】目的 了解血液透析患者的生活质量及其相关因素。 方法 采用KDQ问卷，对100例慢性血液透析患者进行调查。 结果 慢性血液透析患者在躯体症状和与他人关系方面得分较低。其生活质量与年龄、性别、婚姻状况、医疗负担、睡眠状况、家庭及社会关系、是否有合并症有关。结论 应着重做好老年及女性患者的心理护理，进一步减轻MHD患者的医疗负担，改善合并症，改善睡眠紊乱，帮助患者获得更多的家庭及社会支持，提高生活质量。

【Abstract】Objective To investigate life quality and its related factors in hemodialysis patients by using the Kidney Disease Questionnaire (KDQ). Methods We used the KDQ for the investigation in 100 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Results The scores of PSD and ROD were less in patients than in other dimensions. Life quality of the patients correlated with age, gender, marital status, medical burden, sleep quality, family and social support, and clinical complications. Conclusion More attentions should be paid to psychological care for older and female patients. More work also needs to be done to prevent complications, improve the sleep quality, and communicate frequently with the patients and their families, by which they acquire more supports from their families and societies, and live in a better life quality. It is also advocated to reduce their medical burden.