中国血液净化

›› 2011, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (02): 108-110.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4091.2011..00

• 护理园地 • 上一篇    下一篇

加强患者健康教育对控制血液透析患者高血压的影响

田 露 崔文英 丁嘉祥 张 月 李 莉 张东亮 刘文虎   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院肾内科
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-27 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-02-12 发布日期:2011-02-12
  • 通讯作者: 崔文英

Improvement of hypertension control in hemodialysis patients through intensive medical care and health education

TIAN Lu, CUI Wen-ying, DING Jia-xiang, ZHANG Yue, LI Li, ZHANG Dong-liang, LIU Wen-hu   

  1. Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2010-07-27 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-02-12 Published:2011-02-12

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摘要：
【摘要】 目的 调查分析维持性血液透析患者高血压的危险因素,加强患者健康教育，提高血压达标率。 方法 对177 例透析患者进行调查问卷。分析血压控制不达标的原因，有针对性进行健康教育和医疗干预。 结果 合并高血压维持性血液透析患者112例，其中68例血压未达标(＞140/90 mm Hg)，44例血压达标(≤140/90 mm Hg)。血压未达标患者的透析间期体质量增长率(透析间期体质量增长量占干体质量比例)较血压达标患者高，分别为(6.18±1.83)%和(5.19±1.60)%，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。加强患者健康教育，进行医疗护理干预2个月后，血压未达标者透析间期体质量增长量较干预前减少，分别为(3.36±1.02)kg和(3.66±0.95)kg，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；收缩压较干预前前下降，分别为(143.54±11.57)mm Hg和(148.59±19.18)mm Hg，舒张压下降，分别为(81.04±12.2) mm Hg 和( 84.01±11.14) mm Hg，差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。 结论 对透析患者进行相关知识的宣教有助于患者控制体质量增长，降低血压。

关键词: 高血压, 维持性血液透析, 问卷调查

Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors of hypertension in maintenance heamodialysis (MHD) patients, and to improve hypertension control through the intervention of intensive medical care and health education. Methods Questionnaires about hypertension was conducted in a total of 177 patients on MHD. According to the results of questionnaires, the risk factors of hypertension were analyzed. Medical care and health education on these risk factors were then conducted. Results In the 177 patients, 112 were complicated with hypertension. The patients with hypertension were divided into two groups based on the blood pressure before dialysis: controlled group (blood pressure ≤140/90mmHg, n=44) and uncontrolled group (blood pressure >140/90mmHg, n=68). The percentage of weight gain between dialysis was higher in uncontrolled group than in controlled group. After two months of intensive medical care, the amount of weight gain between dialysis reduced in the uncontrolled group, and control of hypertension achieved in more patients. Conclusion Hypertension is a common feature in MHD patients, and uncontrolled hypertension exists in most of them. Medical care and health education are effective for these patients to control the interdialysis weight gain and hypertension.

Key words: Maintenance hemodialysis, Questionnaire